However, if the chromium is in the +6 oxidation state, then it is likely in the form of an oxyanion such as chromate (CrO 4) 2- (above pH 6) or dichromate (Cr 2O 7) 2- (between pH 2 and pH 6) these oxyanions can be removed by an anion exchange resin such as AmberSep™ 21K XLT Resin. If the chromium ion to remove from the wastewater stream is in the +3 oxidation state, then it typically behaves as a cation, so a cation exchange resin such as AmberSep™ G26 H Resin is recommended.

While trivalent chromium (Cr 3+) is not considered to be harmful, hexavalent chromium (Cr 6+) is toxic. DuPont™ Ultrafiltration Modules can facilitate low levels of chrome-containing particles in the treated water.Ĭhromate is found in the effluent from chromium-plating operations and has been used in cooling tower water chemistry, and from man-made sources. This material is then precipitated, coagulated, and filtered out of the water. Ferrous sulfate is used to reduce hexavalent chrome to trivalent chrome. This strong base anion resin can capture the anionic chromate complex that forms, and since it is a Type II resin, it also benefits from improved regeneration efficiency.įiltration can also be used to remove chromate from groundwater. If a regenerable system is used, then AmberLite™ HPR4100 Cl Resin should be selected. This weak base anion resin has a strong affinity for chromate, minimizing leakage, and it also has demonstrated significantly higher chromate loading capacity compared to other commercially-available ion exchange resins. If a non-regenerable system is used, AmberLite™ PWA7 Resin is the best choice. The concentration of chromate in the groundwater, the required purity level, and the economics to meet those needs will determine if a regenerable or non-regenerable ion exchange resin system should be employed. (Even when ultrafiltration modules are certified, their use is not recommended for drinking water where dedicated operators are not available.) For more information see our regulatory information. Please check the application status before use and sale.

These ion exchange and ultrafiltration products may be subject to drinking water application restrictions in some countries. DuPont™ Ultrafiltration SFD Modules can facilitate low levels of chrome-containing particles in the final drinking water. AmberLite™ PWA7 Resin is a unique phenol-formaldehyde weak base anion resin that has demonstrated significantly higher chromate loading capacity compared to other commercially-available ion exchange resins.įiltration can also be used to remove chromate from drinking water. The common practice today is to dispose of the resin after it is loaded with chromate, so a high-capacity resin is desirable. Weak base anion resins have a strong affinity for chromate, making them a good choice to minimize leakage. The World Health Organization (WHO) and many countries have established a maximum tolerable concentration of 50 µg/L (ppb). Chromate is also found in ground water both as a natural contaminant and from man-made sources. There you can find the metals, semi-conductor(s), non-metal(s), inert noble gas(ses), Halogens, Lanthanoides, Actinoids (rare earth elements) and transition metals.Chromate is found in the effluent from chromium-plating operations and has been used in cooling tower water chemistry.

Please note that the elements do not show their natural relation towards each other as in the Periodic system. The unit of density is gr/cm3 (grams per cubic centimeter) for solids and gr/l (grams per liter) or kg/m3 (kilograms per cubic) for gases The first chemical element with the lowest density is Hydrogen and the highest density is Osmium. This list contains the 118 elements of chemistry The chemical elements ofįor chemistry students and teachers: The tabular chart on the right is arranged by Atomic number. Phone: +31 152 610 900 elements listed by density The elements of the periodic table sorted by densityĬlick on any elements name for further chemical properties, environmental data or health effects.Separation and Concentration Purification Request.Plant Inspection & Process Optimalisation.

Periodic element cr